how to clean a wavy turban shell

Ian Taniguchi and Laura Rogers-Bennett California Department of Fish and Game, 2001. Your email address will not be published. Heres my favorite passage from an article on the Wavy Turban population: Three reproductive phases occur during the year. Sea temperature and wave height as predictors of population size structure and density of Megastraea (Lithopoma) undosa: Implications for fishery management. Bulletin of Marine Science 79.1: 71-82. The unusual operculum has four strong ridges on its outer side decorated with hard shelly bristles that radiate in a curvilinear fashion from its pointed edge. [2] This species is native to the coast of California.[3]. Bring the water to a boil. These are gorgeous specimens. Thanks so much for the tips and tricks about how to clean them. Available: https://ohmyomiyage.wordpress.com/2012/10/04/grilled-sea-snails-sazae-n. n.d. Beachcombing MagazineJuly/August 2021 issue, Identifying Fossils on the Great Lakes Shores, Beachcombing, One-Year Digital Subscription, Beachcombing Clearance - Back Issues and Seconds. The wavy turban snail, along with a few other turban snails, stand apart as makers of particularly unusual operculums. Rinse and wash shells thoroughly in hot soapy water while scrubbing with the old toothbrush. This past weekend, I was walking around one of the pools that sits in front of a 25 million-dollar mansion, seeing a lot of good stuff. 3-3.5 inches), Polished Silver/Pearl Trochus Seashell (2-2.5 inches) - Trochus Niloticus, Green Silver Mouth Turbo w/Pearlized Stripe - Turbo Argyrostoma - (2 shells approx. https://www.nassauparadiseisland.com/recipe-conch-fritters. This species is native to the coast of California and Mexico. That said, there are marine biologists who spend a lot of time looking at the gonads of sea snails. https://wildlife.ca.gov/fishing/commercial/landings#260042586-2019. The periphery of the shell forms a twisted ridge at the outer edge of each whorl. This door to the sea protected a living creature, allowing it to survive in the ever-changing intertidal zone. Each whorl also has regular, coarsely sculpted rows of fine knobs and folds. Shes even more excited about it now. The twins to the Perodua Ativa seemed unbeatable but that all changed once the Honda WR-V entered the fray. WebThe Wavy Turban is found from California all the way down to Mexico in sub-tidal waters. Grab a toothbrush or sponge and softly rub as much of the algae as you can away. :), All comments are moderated before being published. Origins and diversification of Indo-West Pacific marine fauna: evolutionary history and biogeography of turban shells (Gastropoda, Turbinidae). 2019. WebThe wavy turban snails meat is similar in taste and texture to abalone, which is why it is sometimes processed and sold as wavalone! In this one, we unload and clean some amazing shells that i recently purchased, as well as pearl some top shells! Display shells in a dish, tray or container. https://www.montereyabalone.com/cook-abalone. Mishkon/iNaturalist Taxonomic description As one of the largest turbinid gastropods in California, this snail can grow its shell up to 15.24 cm (6 inches) long! The operculum is smooth and round in shape. Being an east coast girl, I had never seen blue mussel shells on the beach before. A more sustainable approach (both to the environment and the snails themselves, which are harvested and processed alive) is to beachcomb them yourself. Tegulidae and Turbinidae of the northeast Pacific. Sounds like a Hermione Granger spell. Also, itcanruin the color. 3.5-4 inches), Pearlized Abalone Seashell (10 shells approx. Rinse and wash shells thoroughly in hot soapy water while scrubbing with the old toothbrush. I never would have thought to use vinegar and water. Scientific name: Megastraea undosa. Overview: Toyota GR86 Price RM 295,000 (MT), RM 305,000 (AT) Segment Sports Car (Coupe) Engine 2.4L NA flat-four Transmission 6-speed MT/AT Power 237 PS @ 7,000 rpm Torque 250 Nm @ 3,700 rpm Origin CBU, Japan Well, that was the case for the first-gen, Commenters were very swift in asking for 'UMWT to bring in' the Toyota Corolla Cross GR Sport into Malaysia, when the eponymous model debuted in Taiwan. WebThe common name turban snail presumably refers to the shell's similarity in appearance to a turban. Contact us with your stories, feedback, and ideas. WebStep 1: Start With Clean Board. The other day, I saw this commercial where a turkey was mowing the lawn, watching TV, and a taking part in whole lot of other human activities. Place your seashells inside for about 10 minutes. Every nook, cranny and ridge of the shell can hold bacteria, algae and more. So, if youarebleaching your shells, dont leave them in the solution too long. Big hugs, CoCo. It also comes in handy when protecting itself from predators such as sea stars, octopuses, and carnivorous snails. However, here are some basic tips. I then use a microfiber towel to squeeze any excess moisture out of my hair and let it air-dry. All you need is love. 2.25-2.75 inches), Green Limpet Seashells - Sutorria Mesoleuca - (approx. Now, I get reproductive phases and spawning. As the warm, sunny weather returns to Southern California, we tend to visit the beach quite often. I find the curving lines of these shells uniquely elegant, which is why I enjoy featuring them in my jewelry. They will run you down as soon as look at you. Check out our 5 best tips for creating a home you love on a budget! Final California Commercial Landings. While I might be rapidly approaching the age of retirement (not actual retirement, as thats not affordable), at the beach I revert to a kid. So what have we learned? Follow us on Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, and Mastodon. If youre lucky enough to visit the beaches along our Southern California coast, you just might come across one of my favorite ocean finds: the oval, ridged operculum of the wavy turban snailMegastraea undosa from this mornings tide pool adventure. Note: It can be more common for a turban snail to fall off the rocks as compared to other snails. Smaller Wavy Turbans are found on rocks just below the intertidal zone. Learn how to process seashells and make beautiful unique jewelries. 3.5-4 inches) $16.00. Pearlized Wavy Turban Shell - Astraea Turbanicum. A risk-based framework for assessing the cumulative impact of multiple fisheries. [16] mishkon. Colorful seaweed and hundreds of those little hermit crabs. This article appeared in theBeachcombing MagazineJuly/August 2021 issue. Recruitment of new juveniles has been observed from January to April. Californias Living Marine Resources: A Status Report. Cover the shells with about 2 inches (5 cm) of extra water. From the looks of the shell, one presumes. Megastraea undosa, common name the wavy turban snail, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails. All you need to find your next perfect car is here. Terms of Use Size - Up to 110 mm wide, 98 mm high. This photo clearly depicts the difference between an uncleaned and clean shell. Forget all your perception of old Kias for the moment though because the EV6 is part of the wind of change that is spreading across Korean cars over the past 5 years. One of the great things about California beaches is the abundant tide pools, where rocks, sand and plants create these little worlds of sea anemone, mussels, starfish, sea urchins and other animals and plants. For specific fuel prices, you can check the price list data of each gas station. Join our mailing list and receive funding and fellowship information, news releases, and job announcements. Finally, one of them came loose, but the shell was still stuck. Like in this photo below my hands were already full and I had only been on the beach for about 10 minutes. The only way it could be more disturbing is if the turkey was wearing a wavy turban. On top of that, we open up some insane fossils from a viewer! 1. Review: 2023 Mercedes-Benz A200 - No shortchange here, just smiles. But as those operculums are much weaker, its the calcareous shells that have caught the attention of humans for thousands of years. 3.5-4 inches. iNaturalist. Prepare your bleach solution. Size: 8.2 cm (3.2 inches) x7.4 cm (2.9 inches). As one of the largest turbinid gastropods in California, this snail can grow its shellup to 15.24 cm (6 inches) long! Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0; additional terms may apply. More research, you say? But non-living shells house enough things that make it necessary to clean seashells after your beach trip. Also read: Its name is not Supra, but Toyot, Sat behind the wheel of the 2023 Mercedes-Benz EQB 350, cruising down the road at a calm and quiet 90 km/h, a thought comes to mind this car actually works and its perhaps the only time Ive ever felt that while driving an EV. [12] California Department of Fish and Wildlife. In just over 10 years, EVs have gone from fringe rich mans plaything (think original 2012 Tesla Model S) to the inevitable future of mobility. Each whorl also has regular, coarsely sculpted rows of fine knobs and folds. When shells are completely dry, buff with a small amount of mineral oil. WebIf you look at the bottom of a living Wavy Turban shell, you will find a grooved piece called an operculum, which is attached to the end of the mollusk and is used to seal up the shell very tightly. Like other shells of the family turbinidae it is composed of a thick inner nacreous layer, covered by a thinner porcellanous layer. Megastraea undosa, common name the wavy turban snail, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails. WebLearn how to process seashells and make beautiful unique jewelries. 2 inches), Pearlized Jade Turbo Shell - Turbo Burgessi - (1 shell approx. 1. WebThis video will teach you how to clean your seashells ! And of course scallop shells and so forth. WebWavy turban snails are commonly found on rock substrate from Point Conception, California to Isla Asuncion, Baja California. Accessed 10 August 2020. WebTurban Snails (or Turban Shells) are members of the family Turbinidae and possess a single snail-like shell. They are about the si, 2390-C Las Posas Road #193 There are two main growth periods, a low growth period in the spring and summer and a high growth period in fall and witner. Rinse your shells thoroughly and allow to dry completely. WebPolished Jade Turbo Shell w/Pearlized Stripe - Turbo Burgessi - (1 shell approx. Recorded landings began in 1992, with overseas markets for the meat and the shell. Be sure to remove all dirt, grit, etc. https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/Marine/Invertebrates. No lawn-mowing turkeys or wavy turbans in Smoking in Bed. Divers use handheld tools and net bags to collect the snails, gear which is identical to that used to collect red sea urchins. Great tips for cleaning seashells! They have three "prickly" ridges that resemble waves. Bring water with shells to a boil. Operculum's are in the same category as Tiger Eye's, which were used to make jewelry with. The shell lacks an umbilicus, and has a turbinate-conical shape. Lets respect the snails privacy and dignity, shall we? 2013. The word turbine has a similar derivation. Many mussels and lots of sea anemone. Im sure it goes without saying that only completely-vacated shells should ever be collected, and even then, many shells can be used by other creatures as a second-hand home. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. The periostracumisthe flaky, leathery covering that coats most seashells. MUSIC: 1.\"Birds\" 2.\"Satin Sugar\"FROM: YouTube Audio LibraryAbout this Channel - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4XNo9Jewelry Making Tutorials - http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKz21al88ViEih85hG7ZiSZIYQmsv6WV0Liz Kreate Recipe - http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKz21al88ViFhoAEfZDfOtHqrQqBllUuXHow to Find Gold and Gems - http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKz21al88ViGnuqq5sYBjuBthfKPhRNGOPEDRO the Budgie - https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKz21al88ViEmoVtph1ZjkyGfMchZFcgULAPIDARY Gem Cutting - https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKz21al88ViFknwDrLvXnyCXL_PaOuago Mercedes-Benz EQB EV (X243) - Class of one 7-seater EV, but does it actually work? I kept working around the shell, pulling out smaller shells and sand, until I felt the rock above it shift and then pulled out this: Wow! Wavy Turban Shells reach a maximum diameter of 15 cm (5.9 inches). 2006. The sun shifts higher, burning off the marine layer. (Ironically, Miss Granger was a member of the Slug Club at Hogwarts.). A type of sea snail found in many oceans. Smaller snails are generally in shallower waters, and larger snails are found in deeper waters. Shell is heavy with undulating ridges, and is conical in shape, with a flat base. | As I stated before in THIS post and THIS one, I love to collect seashells on the beach. This species is native One of the largest gastropod shells found on the Southern California coast, this species varies between 40mm and 145mm. I play in the water, body surf, and at low tide, scramble out onto the tide pools to look at all the cool fish and stuff! [11] SELF nutrition data. Snails are hand-picked by divers, resulting in very little (or no) bycatch. Most recipes for abalone and sea snails can be adapted to the wavy turban snail! To escape predation in kelp forests, this snail migrates up to the canopy of giant kelpat night. Megastraea undosa, common name the wavy turban snail, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails. But a little chocolate no, Our Woodland Christmas Porch is ready for its clos, A tattered book was reimagined into Christmas deco, Look who came to spend the day with Kiki and PopPo, Decoupage Oyster Shell Trinket Dish - 2 Bees in a Pod. Those blue shells are gorgeous! Hello and welcome to Kleimansays.coms version of National Geographic. Malibu, with its dramatic coastline, turquoise waters, and private beaches, is a major draw, and is about a 22 minute drive. 2023 Toyota Hilux GR-S Specs in Malaysia Price RM 159,880 Segment Pick-up truck Engine 2.8L 1GD-FTV turbodiesel 204 PS @ 3,000 - 3,400 rpm 500 Nm @ 1,600 - 2,800 rpm Transmission 6-speed automatic Drivetrain Part-time 4x4 Origin CKD, Shah Alam For a model that's synonymous with, You may have seen photos of the Toyota GR86s fuel door that says Premium Unleaded 98RON Fuel Only circling on social media, catching the attention of even owners of the first generation Toyobaru 86/BRZ (lets call it first-gen from here onwards). All images are used by permission and are the property of their respective owners. The air is still; the only sounds are the trickle and whoosh of cool water lapping against the rocks. Sea Urchin - California, Alaska, Oregon, Washington: Diver. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megastraea_undosa. I cant tell you how many times someone has snuck a shell in their luggage for the smell to all but knock us out the minute we returned home because they were not cleaned or cared for properly. Reproduction occurs year-round, but peaks in the spring and fall. Some of the sand, mud, and algae will come off immediately. 1 large shell per package. We would love to see them! Discard the bleach-water mixture. n.d. Cook Abalone. Put sea shells in a large pot of water. I love displaying my blue shells in this vintage silver sugar bowl. Inseperable as the trio are, the three of them are all-new models, sharing the same Daihatsu New Global Architecture (DNGA) platform, general look, and some performance metrics how do they stack up? Web. However, the scientific name Turbinidae is based on the genus name Turbo, which is Latin for spinning top, a child's toy. Instead of the circular, half-domed Shiva eyes, these sea snails make teardrop-shaped operculums with deep ridges that sweep along the length. The unusual operculum has four strong ridges on its outer side decorated with hard shelly bristles that radiate in a curvilinear fashion from its pointed edge.[4][5]. What are they recruiting these juveniles for? Of course, in order to go operculum-shelling youve got to be near the ocean, on a beach that allows beachcombing, and preferably one where operculum-creating sea snails are commonly found. Learn more about identifying shells, the history of seashell collecting, great shelling beaches, and the lives of the animals who make the shells we find on the beach. 2015. If the shell is not clean, return it to the bowl with the other shells and soak 1/2 hour longer. But a little chocolate no This post so much. Rinse in warm water. This was organic history! https://www.seafoodwatch.org/-/m/sfw/pdf/reports/u/mba_seafoodwatch_uspacificurchinreport.pdf. Then next to it. Digital image. Web. Dont get between a Wavy Turban and his prospective mate. Does that make them grouchy? They range from Southern California to Bahia Asuncion, Baja California Sur. It was a very odd thing. Heres the educational part: What the hell is this thing anyway? Our Woodland Christmas Porch is ready for its clos Megastraea undosa, common name the wavy turban snail, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails. WebLive specimens have a thick, ridged, operculum. 1-1.5 inches), Olive Shell Assortment (approx. [7]CalorieSlism. Smaller Wavy Turbans are found on rocks just below the intertidal zone. It's important to use room temperature water and to put the shells in the pot before heating them up because any sudden heat could crack the shells. An operculum is a calcareous structure created by many sea snails that serves as a little trapdoor to safely close them inside their shell. It cant be good. The moment my feet hit the sand, its as if my head is being pulled down by a magnet. Enter Your Email Address To Have Our Posts Delivered To Your Inbox! - Turbo Petholatus, Baby Pearl Trochus Seashells (approx. Pink coral algae. Approx. 1. No acid needed. Look who came to spend the day with Kiki and PopPo One of the largest gastropod shells found on the Southern California coast, this species varies between 40mm and 145mm. They have not been documented from the Sea of Cortez. %PDF-1.3 % WebThe scientific name Turbo cornutus, literally means "horned turban," and it is characterized by a hard, ventricose, spiny, imperforate shell of which the length varies between 65 mm (2.6 in) and 120 mm (4.7 in). Then above it. It wouldnt budge. Do you display your shell collections? It was empty. Some operculums (or opercula), like that of the wavy turban snail, match the shape of its shell opening exactly, allowing the snail to seal itself inside, high andwell, not dry. [14] Nassau Paradise Island. One popular operculum comes from the Turbinidae snail, a species found in Indonesia. Though Perodua has a near monopoly on the entry-level car segment in Malaysia, nothing else comes quite as close to bringing as much value to the table. Okay, turkey, got it. They have three "prickly" ridges that resemble waves. Search how to clean a wavy turban shell and check where the nearest petrol station is. 3. In this species both are covered by a dark brown shaggy periostracum in life. The base is marked with several spiral cords concentric to the arcuated columella which has a pearly groove. Youve spent the lazy, misty morning exploring the tide pools, munching on your favorite seaweed snacks. Once this coating is gone, you can remove the shells from the solution. They have three "prickly" ridges that resemble waves. Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, Justice & Access, 2023 Regents of the University of California. In this species both are covered by a dark brown shaggy periostracum in life. Never, ever do I collect live shells. 2. Rotary Tool, Sandpaper, Wire Brush, Metal File are some of the tools needed to turn a piece of Seashell into beautiful jewelries. Finally you accept the grim reality: youll just have to wait until the next tide comes in. While both SUVs are priced close to one another in Indonesia, the WR-V wont be looking at, For nearly 30 years, Perodua is seen by many Malaysians as a name they can truly trust when it comes to making a car. https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/44499995. The periphery of the shell forms a twisted ridge at the outer edge of each whorl. In a glass or plastic container, mix equal parts bleach and water. As these are natural seashells they will have minor wear and variances. These are gorgeous specimens. WebAnswer (1 of 4): Washing a turban is not much different from washing any other clothes. No lawn-mowing turkeys or wavy turbans in Smoking in Bed . It is a delicacy for many people who find its taste and texture similar to abalone, which is much more expensive and regulated. This board has just been cleaned. 2001. The Wavy Turban is found from California all the way down to Mexico in sub-tidal waters. The sporty coupe SUV style suits the look of the EV though so, Though the compact SUV market in Indonesia is fairly new, it has been dominated mostly by the Toyota Raize and Daihatsu Rocky. Each shell is real and shows evidence of their lives in the ocean. All-new 2023 D74A Perodua Axia vs Toyota Agya, Daihatsu Ayla: Do Malaysians get the best? Trust me it doesnt take long for the smelly-factor to start either! They come in array of beautiful, Baby Pearl Trochus SeashellsThese are tiny pearlized Trochus sea snail shells. As established by the Marine Life Management Act, the California Fish and Game Commission regulates the fishery, and the California Department of Fish and Wildlife manages this fishery in state waters through the CDFWs Invertebrate Management Project. The snails intestines are bitter in taste and are sometimes eaten, sometimes removed. You might want to think about cleaning seashells with hydrogen peroxide. how to clean a wavy turban shell Search how to clean a wavy turban shell and check where the nearest petrol station is. Typically, smaller snails grow quickly, while growth slows for larger snails. Not all sea snails create hard, shell-like operculums: some species secrete thin layers of a cuticle-like substance to protect themselves. Bleach treatmen only. 20-25 shells 0.5-1 inches), Jade Green Turbo Seashells - Turbo Brunneus - (10 shells approx. Dont worry the shells are only this shiny after first applying the mineral oil. The shells of wavy turban snails are used to make buttons! Turban Shell (Sazae). Before I know it, a couple of hours have gone by and my hands are full of collected seashells. Web. [4] Micheli, F., et al. Soak your shells for 24 hours. Sea Shell Supply | This species is native And it has taken half as long for the market to get saturated with every form and size of an inoffensive EV model that com, This week, our part of the world scored a triple whammy of new cars: Indonesia kicked things off with the all-new 2023 Toyota Agya, then Malaysia launched the 2023 D74A Perodua Axia, before passing the baton back to Indonesia for the unveiling of the 2023 Daihatsu Ayla. 3.5-4 inches. Instructions. All I know is, something about a turkey mowing and leaf-blowing a lawn is really disturbing. Various species of turban snails can be found across the world, but our Pacific Coast variety create, in my humble opinion, the most lovely. Rinse and wash again in hot soapy water to be sure all of the bleach, dirt and grit are removed. To soak a conch, mix a solution using half bleach and half water. 3.5-4 inches. Fill a bowl with about 2 cups of water, 2 tbsp of baking soda, and a dash of salt. Typically, an operculum is attached to the snails muscular foot (the source of its scientific class name Gastropoda, meaning stomach-foot). Coastal Inspired Succulent GardenDIY Nautical Seashell Napkin Rings, These blue shells are gorgeous! If the algae level drops to the point of there not being enough in the aquarium for this snail to eat, you can supplement their diet with dried seaweed. [15] sykospark. Repeated rinsing dislodged a bunch of sand and pebbles. News and offers from Beachcombing Magazine. Maybe you should start a sea shell exchange! There are a number of different ways you can clean the old wax off, but the best way, I think, is to leave it in the sun to let the wax soften, then scrape off with a board scraper (that I lost) or your driver's license (that I haven't lost). The operculum, or 'trap door' onthe snail is hard, thick, oval, and flat with well-defined rough ridges. Digital image. Our 7yo daughter found a beautiful operculum from a turban snail at Rincon and we were wondering what it was! It seems the point of it is that taking their product is better or easier than going cold turkey. Soak your seashells in a bath of water overnight or longer if your not in a rush (up to 7 days) . This species occurs in the eastern Pacific Ocean from California, USA to Central Baja California, Mexico. This was a rare find, for me at least. In the context of cars, youd have to make a trade-off between getting a family car and a sports car. The shells are large, solid and wider than they are tall, with six to eight sloping whorls that are separated by wavy ridges and the exterior is sculpted by wavy diagonal ridges. Expected to spot a few sea stars like we saw a few weeks ago, but not this day. (That Kellets whelk in the next tide pool over did seem to be eyeing you rather hungrily.). Archaeological evidence suggests that native peoples fished wavy turban snail prior to European and Asian settlement in California! Articles . Up to 110 mm wide, 98 mm high. if you so much as so dare to choose a lower-end German car. Divers make little contact with the seafloor. It's no 'full-GR' model that's the race-bred GR Yaris, GR Corolla, GR86, and GR Supra's game but the GR Sport line is meant to carry some of that genealogy to cars people like you and me drive to work. After some quick research (youre welcome) it turns out this is the shell of a Wavy Turban Snail. You will be rewarded. And who knows, maybe it will lead you into a salty new adventure! 151 0 obj << /Linearized 1 /O 153 /H [ 4068 486 ] /L 207866 /E 153932 /N 2 /T 204727 >> endobj xref 151 182 0000000016 00000 n 0000003992 00000 n 0000004554 00000 n 0000006810 00000 n 0000008463 00000 n 0000008629 00000 n 0000010282 00000 n 0000010452 00000 n 0000012105 00000 n 0000012269 00000 n 0000013542 00000 n 0000013701 00000 n 0000013724 00000 n 0000016262 00000 n 0000016285 00000 n 0000018508 00000 n 0000018531 00000 n 0000020788 00000 n 0000020811 00000 n 0000022958 00000 n 0000022981 00000 n 0000025289 00000 n 0000025312 00000 n 0000025483 00000 n 0000026764 00000 n 0000028045 00000 n 0000028209 00000 n 0000030441 00000 n 0000030464 00000 n 0000032634 00000 n 0000032657 00000 n 0000049868 00000 n 0000051006 00000 n 0000051241 00000 n 0000051265 00000 n 0000051288 00000 n 0000051311 00000 n 0000052698 00000 n 0000052721 00000 n 0000064908 00000 n 0000064932 00000 n 0000065161 00000 n 0000071146 00000 n 0000071169 00000 n 0000072847 00000 n 0000073068 00000 n 0000085307 00000 n 0000085331 00000 n 0000085354 00000 n 0000085585 00000 n 0000085608 00000 n 0000085631 00000 n 0000087280 00000 n 0000088674 00000 n 0000088902 00000 n 0000088925 00000 n 0000090585 00000 n 0000094449 00000 n 0000094684 00000 n 0000096706 00000 n 0000096729 00000 n 0000098761 00000 n 0000098782 00000 n 0000098803 00000 n 0000098827 00000 n 0000144756 00000 n 0000144810 00000 n 0000145087 00000 n 0000145421 00000 n 0000145733 00000 n 0000146097 00000 n 0000146150 00000 n 0000146203 00000 n 0000146256 00000 n 0000146309 00000 n 0000146362 00000 n 0000146415 00000 n 0000146468 00000 n 0000146521 00000 n 0000146574 00000 n 0000146627 00000 n 0000146680 00000 n 0000146733 00000 n 0000146786 00000 n 0000146839 00000 n 0000146892 00000 n 0000146945 00000 n 0000146998 00000 n 0000147051 00000 n 0000147104 00000 n 0000147157 00000 n 0000147210 00000 n 0000147263 00000 n 0000147317 00000 n 0000147370 00000 n 0000147423 00000 n 0000147476 00000 n 0000147529 00000 n 0000147582 00000 n 0000147635 00000 n 0000147688 00000 n 0000147741 00000 n 0000147794 00000 n 0000147847 00000 n 0000147900 00000 n 0000147953 00000 n 0000148006 00000 n 0000148059 00000 n 0000148112 00000 n 0000148165 00000 n 0000148218 00000 n 0000148271 00000 n 0000148324 00000 n 0000148377 00000 n 0000148430 00000 n 0000148483 00000 n 0000148536 00000 n 0000148589 00000 n 0000148642 00000 n 0000148695 00000 n 0000148748 00000 n 0000148801 00000 n 0000148854 00000 n 0000148907 00000 n 0000148960 00000 n 0000149013 00000 n 0000149066 00000 n 0000149119 00000 n 0000149172 00000 n 0000149225 00000 n 0000149278 00000 n 0000149331 00000 n 0000149384 00000 n 0000149437 00000 n 0000149490 00000 n 0000149543 00000 n 0000149596 00000 n 0000149649 00000 n 0000149703 00000 n 0000149756 00000 n 0000149809 00000 n 0000149862 00000 n 0000149915 00000 n 0000149969 00000 n 0000150022 00000 n 0000150076 00000 n 0000150129 00000 n 0000150182 00000 n 0000150235 00000 n 0000150288 00000 n 0000150341 00000 n 0000150394 00000 n 0000150447 00000 n 0000150500 00000 n 0000150553 00000 n 0000150606 00000 n 0000150659 00000 n 0000150712 00000 n 0000150765 00000 n 0000150818 00000 n 0000150871 00000 n 0000150924 00000 n 0000150977 00000 n 0000151030 00000 n 0000151083 00000 n 0000151136 00000 n 0000151189 00000 n 0000151242 00000 n 0000151295 00000 n 0000151348 00000 n 0000151401 00000 n 0000151454 00000 n 0000151507 00000 n 0000151560 00000 n 0000151613 00000 n 0000151666 00000 n 0000151719 00000 n 0000151772 00000 n 0000151825 00000 n 0000151897 00000 n 0000004068 00000 n 0000004532 00000 n trailer << /Size 333 /Info 150 0 R /Root 152 0 R /Prev 204716 /ID[] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 152 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 149 0 R /Outlines 141 0 R >> endobj 331 0 obj << /S 197 /T 644 /O 688 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 332 0 R >> stream