The .gov means its official. Noninfected bite wounds may require surgical debridement and prophylaxis with 50% of the dose of antibiotic used to treat infected wounds. There were no signs of infection and no pain. INTRODUCTION. Mean length of hospital stay was 3.4 days in Group A, and 9.2 days in Group B, (p < .01). official website and that any information you provide is encrypted When the bite is on the hand (and other research has shown that up to 85 percent of cat bites occur on the hand or wrist), the puncture may easily pierce a joint or the membrane sheath. "Cat bites look very benign, but -- as we know and as the study shows -- they are not," Carlsen said. Cat bite - what to do? Open wound of wrist, hand and fingers ( S61) S61.451A is a billable ICD-10 code used to specify a medical diagnosis of open bite of right hand, initial encounter. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. After receiving his medical degree fromLouisiana State University (LSU) Health Sciences Center in New Orleans, where he was awarded the Orthopedic Surgery award. Tenderness along the course of a tendon suggests spread to the tendon sheath. The wrist or any joint in the fingers are usually the worst places to be wounded and thats just where most people get bitten by cats. When the injury has occurred, wash the wound with soap and then apply antiseptics. Practical Review of the Management of Animal Bites. [Brusalis, 2017] Penetrating injuries are the most common (ex, cat scratch/bite). The researchers said 57 of the patients who were bitten needed to be hospitalized, but only 36 had been admitted immediately after seeking medical treatment. Bites that appear at first to be minor can ultimately end up requiring serious medical attention, with outcomes far worse than an apparently more damaging dog bite. The infection resides in synovial or periarticular tissues and is usually bacterialin younger adults read more and osteomyelitis Osteomyelitis Osteomyelitis is inflammation and destruction of bone caused by bacteria, mycobacteria, or fungi. The wound canal can reach into a joint or onto a bone. Apparently, cats have a bacteria in their saliva that aids in their digestion, which can be lethal if it gets into a human being's blood stream. Pasteurella multocida is the most common isolated pathogen transmitted from cats.2 The animals long and sharp canine teeth penetrate the skin, causing deep puncture wounds and providing an avenue for the induction of bacteria. An initial assessment of early cellulitis and right-hand pain secondary to the cat bite and fall was made. J Hand Surg Am. Cats can also injure their tendons or ligaments slowly over time as a result of repetitive straining, overexertion, or fatigue. tenderness or pain under your elbow or armpit due to swollen lymph nodes. He described a nonradiating pain in the tip of the second digit with limited flexion. Check for signs such as bruising, punctured skin, bleeding, and objects stuck in the wound. PMC left hand was severely bitten by a cat that animal control brought in. Regardless of how a cat bite happens, it is not something to take lightly. Benson LS, Edwards SL, Schiff AP, et al. Here are some of the potential infectious diseases that can happen after a cat bite: Pasteurella multocida is a type of bacteria frequently found in the mouths of cats that can cause infections after a bite or scratch. Uphold CR, Graham MV. Your physician may also recommend a tetanus shot. The pain almost drove me up the . Kanavel's Signs: 1995 Aug;52(2):479-85, 489-90. According to a study in the New England Journal of Medicine, the average patient with a cat bite first noticed their infections about 12 hours after the bite. Felines' sharp teeth can inject harmful bacteria deep into joints and tissue, doctors warn SUNDAY, Feb. 9, 2014 (HealthDay News) -- Cat bites may look less serious than dog bites, but beware: They can cause dangerous infections, particularly when they involve the hand, new research indicates. Accessibility Discharge instructions and wound-care handouts were provided. 2017 Dr. Brandon P. Donnelly According to a Mayo Clinic review of records for 193 cat bite victims, 36 were immediately admitted to the hospital, where they stayed an average of three days. The average length of stay for these patients was 3.2 days. The small but deep puncture wounds are. 6. (2018). For 14 percent of these patients, outpatient treatment with antibiotics didn't work and they needed to be hospitalized. Patient demographics, medical history, physical examination findings, laboratory values, and long-term follow-up data were collected. Bites on the hand are also at a high risk of infection. Does the amount of Vitamin D you have affect your odds of getting multiple sclerosis? Before Therefore, its important to get an infection from a cat bite treated. Never try to separate cats who are fighting. The hand should be splinted in the functional position and elevated. Can Vitamin D affect your risk of heart disease? To care for your wound at home, follow these steps: If the following symptoms occur, seek medical attention: If you have a pet cat, make sure to take them to regular veterinary visits to stay updated on vaccines. Carlsen said the study showed the hand and wrist are the perfect breeding ground for bacteria, making outpatient antibiotic treatment hard. You need to remove the . Educating the patient about the importance of early management and immediate follow-up can reduce the risk of adverse sequelae and the potential costs of hospitalization and post-bite management. Copyright 2014 American Society for Surgery of the Hand. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Savu AN, Schoenbrunner AR, Politi R, Janis JE. Small but deep punctures there led to a higher risk of hospitalization than bites into soft tissue, according to the study. Emergency Medicine 46 years experience. You should also teach children how to properly handle pets and to make sure they arent doing anything to unintentionally hurt or scare a cat. By clicking Subscribe, I agree to the WebMD, Smart Grocery Shopping When You Have Diabetes, Surprising Things You Didn't Know About Dogs and Cats, Smoking Pot Every Day Linked to Heart Risks, Artificial Sweetener Linked to Heart Risks, FDA Authorizes First At-Home Test for COVID and Flu, New Book: Take Control of Your Heart Disease Risk, MINOCA: The Heart Attack You Didnt See Coming, Health News and Information, Delivered to Your Inbox. doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0372-2022. In severe cases, surgery may be required to clean out the infected areas. What is the potential risk associated with cat bites? . Early treatment reduces the severity of many animal bites. They can seed bacteria in the joint and tendon sheaths. Stay away from stray or feral cats. Guidelines for the treatment of cat and dog bites in humans. Last medically reviewed on March 22, 2021. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. When they bite you, they are essentially injecting bacteria deep into your skins tissue. Unlike other animal bites, which can tear flesh and even break bones, these deeper wounds are much harder to clean. Misunderstanding this risk has led to a worrying number of hospitalizations, as patients require surgery to clean wounds or remove tissue thats become infected. In almost all states, a cat that has bitten a human or another domestic animal must undergo a mandatory 10-day quarantine period. It has to pierce deep enough to get into the muscle where there is a good amount of blood flow. for 10 days. Mr. H, age 45 years, presented to the clinic following a cat bite to his right hand 14 hours prior. Acute carpal tunnel syndrome of the hand following a cat bite. All patients recently treated at our institution for cat bite injuries to the hand were retrospectively reviewed. . Active range of motion deficits are present at the wrist and thumb due to pain and swelling. Keywords: By joining Cureus, you agree to our A more serious infection may lead to pus or what looks like red streaks down your skin and may cause fever. Tendon rupture: When a tendon separates from the tissue, in part or completely, it is supposed to be attached to, a tendon rupture occurs. The site is secure. Cat bites can also lead to bone infection, and in extreme cases, septic shock, which is a life-threatening condition. Issues related to infectious tenosynovitis will be reviewed here. If youre bitten by a stray, it may be necessary to capture the animal so it can be observed. Results were negative for fracture, dislocation, and lytic or blastic lesions. Published in February in the Journal of Hand Surgery the study looked at 193 patients who received treatment for a cat bite on the hand from January 2009 through 2011. Its not something you want to take any chances with. Signs and symptoms warranting earlier evaluation (e.g., fever, chills, increasing edema, erythema, numbness, drainage, and pain) were discussed. This is a combination of a skin disorder (psoriasis) and . The treatment of such infections often requires hospitalization, intravenous antibiotic therapy, and operative treatment. Cat bites to the hand are so dangerous, 1 in 3 patients with such wounds had to be hospitalized, a Mayo Clinic study covering three years showed. If there is a lot of blood, apply pressure to stop the bleeding. Cats dont have more bacteria in their mouths than dogs. 2 deep puncture wounds along the pinky by the wrist, 1 in the middle above the wrist & another with a tear by the wrist along the thumb. Another SOLID Site, WALANT | Wide Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet. What are are the Differences between Cat and Dog Bites? Cats bite mostly on hands, arms or legs. Dont try to capture the cat yourself. If the cat who bit you was not current on his rabies vaccination or was a stray with unknown vaccination status, you may need to undergo prophylactic treatment for rabies. First, be sure to clean the wound. . If you decide to delay medical care, watch closely for signs of infection. The family cat lunged at him and bit and scratched his hand. . How do you know if a cat bite is infected? The drug of choice is amoxicillin/clavulanate 875 mg/125 mg b.i.d. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies The most common cause of human bites is a tooth-induced injury to the metacarpophalangeal joint as a result of a punch to the mouth (clenched fist injury). "Cats' teeth are sharp and can penetrate very deeply. At the hand, where cats most often bite . [Hyatt, 2017] Patients often present 2-5 days after an injury. Can antioxidants supercharge your brain power? Though house cats are often vaccinated against the most serious diseases, like rabies, stray cats arent usually vaccinated and can carry several diseases. If the wound is deep, if you see signs of infection as listed above, or if you have any other reason for concern, be sure to see your doctor. Enechukwu AOM, Bucher F, Dastagir K, Jokuszies A, Vogt PM, Knneker S. Ann Med Surg (Lond). You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. Mr. H was unsure of the date of his last tetanus shot and reported that the cat is up to date on all immunizations. 2021 Aug;70(8):639-643. doi: 10.1007/s00101-021-01003-9. Camacho Zamora P, Romn Cabello M, lvarez Garca P, Vzquez Canal E. Rev Esp Quimioter. Around 2% of attendances in the emergency department are due to bite injuries, most commonly from dogs, cats, and humans.If left untreated, bites have a high risk of becoming infected.. extreme lower back pain after a nasty cat bite that required intravenus antibiotics in the hospital followed up with pain meds and antibiotics antiinflammatory meds, swelling decreasing throbbing pain decreasing, back pain is unbearable. Your use of this website constitutes acceptance of Haymarket Medias Privacy Policy and Terms & Conditions. 8600 Rockville Pike Their razor-sharp teeth and nails can puncture deeply, sometimes penetrating tissues, ligaments and tendons. If you have some antibiotic cream such as neosporin, apply it. Current medications included lisinopril 10 mg daily and pravastatin 20 mg daily. The right arm was placed in a sling for elevation of the extremity. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). J Hand Surg Am. "We don't play like we used to," Bothun said. Cureus. But while a kitten bite may be cute, an adult cat bite can be painful. Please confirm that you are a health care professional. While some cat bites may heal without causing infection, it is recommended that you seek medical attention for all cat bites. Puncture wounds from a cat bite have a high risk of infection. ANZ J Surg. You may need to be on antibiotics so get medical care. Laboratory findings showed erythrocyte sedimentation rate 28 mm/hour, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein 14.5 mg/L, WBC 10,0000/l, RBC 3.77 106/l, hemoglobin 12.3 g/dL, and hematocrit 35.3%.
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